Osteoporosis

What is OSTEOPOROSIS?

• a disease where the amount of calcium presents in the bone reduces over time and the bone loses density (causes thinning of the bone).
• The bone becomes so weak that even a slight fall can cause a fracture.
• It can be prevented and treated in most diagnosed cases.

Effects of Osteoporosis

• Most bone fractures of the hip, rips, spine & pelvis are due to falls.
• Multiple fractures can eventually lead to loss of height
• Dowager’s hump in some women.

WHO are at risk?

• Menopausal women or/and surgical removal of ovaries
• Family history
• A thin or small build
• Low calcium intake
• Do not do exercise regularly
• Excessive alcohol, salt or caffeine intake
• Taking certain medications e.g. corticosteroid
• Certain medical conditions: kidney/liver disease, overactive thyroid

Self care

• Regular exercise (e.g. walking, dancing for 30 mins/day) can help to optimize bone strength
• Calcium intake – dairy foods are the best source (consult our nutritionist for more info).
• Quit smoking – consult our doctor/pharmacist on our smoking cessation programme.
• Prevent falls

Medicines

Medicines may be used to prevent or treat osteoporosis. A doctor will advise which one is the best:

• Biphosphonates e.g. Fosamax Plus, Actonel
• Selective Oestrogen receptor modulator e.g. Evista
• Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
• Strontium e.g. Protaxos

Supplements

• Calcium & Magnesium – Consult our pharmacist for the best options available. Patients with kidney problems should consult a doctor before taking calcium supplement.
• Rocaltrol – activated form of vitamin D which helps to increase calcium absorption.
• BL Women 50+ - beneficial for menopausal related osteoporosis.